few educational bodies

CBSE ( CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION)

Historical Background

                        A trail of developments mark the significant changes that took place over the years in shaping up the Board to its present status. UP Board of High School and Intermediate Education was the first Board set up in 1921. It has under its jurisdiction Rajputana, Central India, and Gwalior. In response to the representation made by the Government of United Provinces, the then Government of India suggested to set up a joint Board in 1929 for all the areas which were named as the 'Board of High School and Intermediate Education, Rajputana'. This included Ajmer, Merwara, Central India and Gwalior.  

                               The Board witnessed rapid growth and expansion at the level of Secondary education resulting in improved quality and standard of education in institutions. But with the advent of State Universities and State Boards in various parts of the country the jurisdiction of the Board was confined only to Ajmer, Bhopal and Vindhya Pradesh later. As a result of this, in 1952, the constitution of the Board was amended wherein its jurisdiction was extended to part-C and Part-D territories and the Board was given its present name 'Central Board of Secondary Education'. It was in the year 1962 finally that the Board was reconstituted. The main objectives were to serve the educational institutions more effectively, to be responsive to the educational needs of those students whose parents were employed in the Central Government and had frequently transferable jobs.

Jurisdiction

                            The jurisdiction of the Board is extensive and stretches beyond the national geographical boundaries. As a result of the reconstitution, the erstwhile 'Delhi Board of Secondary Education' was merged with the Central Board and thus all the educational institutions recognized by the Delhi Board also became a part of the Central Board. Subsequently, all the schools located in the Union Territory of Chandigarh. Andaman and Nicobar Island, Arunachal Pradesh, the state of Sikkim, and now Jharkhand, Uttaranchal, and Chhattisgarh have also got affiliation with the Board. From 309 schools in 1962, the Board as of 17-07-2018 has 20299 schools in India and 220 schools in 25 foreign countries. There are 1123 Kendriya Vidyalayas, 2953 Government/Aided Schools, 15837 Independent Schools, 592 Jawahar Novodaya Vidyalayas and 14 Central Tibetan Schools.

Decentralisation

                In order to execute its functions effectively, Regional Offices have been set up by the Board in different parts of the country to be more responsive to the affiliated schools. The Board has regional offices in Allahabad, Ajmer, Bhubaneshwar, Chennai, Dehradun, Delhi, Guwahati, Panchkula, Patna, and Trivanthapurm. Schools located outside India are looked after by regional office Delhi. The headquarter constantly monitors the activities of the Regional Offices.

Main objectives of CBSE:

• To define appropriate approaches of academic activities to provide stress-free, child-centered and holistic education to all children without compromising on quality


• To analyze and monitor the quality of academic activities by collecting the feedback from different stakeholders


• To develop norms for implementation of various academic activities including quality issues; to control and coordinate the implementation of various academic and training programmes of the Board; to organize academic activities and to supervise other agencies involved in the process


• To adapt and innovate methods to achieve academic excellence in conformity with psychological, pedagogical and social principles.


• To encourage schools to document the progress of students in a teacher and student friendly way


• To propose plans to achieve quality benchmarks in school education consistent with the National goals


• To organize various capacity building and empowerment programmes to update the professional competency of teachers


• To prescribe conditions of examinations and conduct public examination at the end of Class X and XII. To grant qualifying certificates to successful candidates of the affiliated schools.


• To fulfill the educational requirements of those students whose parents were employed in transferable jobs


• To prescribe and update the course of instructions of examinations


• To affiliate institutions for the purpose of examination and raise the academic standards of the country.

NCERT(National Council of educational research and training), 

•  It is an autonomous organization, set up in 1961.
• To assist and advise the central and state governments on policies and programmes for qualitative improvement in school education. 
• the main objective is to undertake, promote and coordinate research in areas related school education and publications as well.
• Acts as a nodal agency for achieving the goals of universalization of elementary education.     

 major constituent units of NCERT are,

1. National Institute of Education (NIE, New Delhi)
2. Central Institute of educational technology(CIET, New Delhi)
3. pandit sunderlal sharma central institute of vocational education (PSSCIVE), BHOPAL
4. Regional institutes of education (RIEs) AJMER, BHOPAL, BHUBANESWAR, MYSORE.
5. North East regional institute of education, SHILLONG.

NIOS ( NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OPEN SCHOOLING)

An autonomous institution under the ministry of HRD.

NIOS is open school to cater to the needs of a heterogeneous group of learners up to pre-degree level.

It was started as a project under CBSE in 1979. later in 1986 National policy on education suggested the strenthening measures of this open schooling. So that MHRD set up National Open school(NOS) in 1989. later in 2002, the name changed as NIOS. 

• To universalisation of education.
• To greater equity and justice in society.
• To the evolution of a learning society.

open basic education, secondary education, senior secondary education, vocational education are provided under this institution.

NAAC  (National assessment and accreditation council)

It condects assesment and accredation of higher educational institutions to derive an understanding of the QUALITY STATUS of the institution.

its head office BENGALORE. it has 4 regional co ordinators.

present chairman is S.C.SHARMA.

It was started in 1994, working under the UGC.

NBA ( NATIONAL BOARD OF ACCREDITATION)

Its main objective is " PROGRAMME GRADING APPROACH"

It was started in 1994, works under AICTE.

Its present form came into existence as an autonomous body with effect from 7th jan, 2010. with the objective of assurance of quality and relevance of education, especially of the programs in professional and technical disciplines, i.e engineering and technology, management, architecture, pharmacy and hospitality etc.